THE THEORETICAL MINIMUM FOR QUANTUM COMPUTING, THE INNOVATION OF THE 21ST CENTURY

Abstract

Quantum theory is a revolutionary advancement in physics and chemistry
that emerged in the early twentieth century. It is an elegant mathematical
theory able to explain the counterintuitive behavior of subatomic particles,
most notably the phenomenon of entanglement. In the late twentieth
century it was discovered that quantum theory applies not only to
atoms and molecules, but to bits and logic operations in a computer. This
realization has brought about a revolution in the science and technology
of information processing, making possible kinds of computing and communication
hitherto unknown in the Information Age.